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Application Practice of Horizontal Mist Eliminators in the Treatment of Sulfuric Acid Production Tail Gas
Release time:
Jul 08,2025
[Summary]The tail gas generated during sulfuric acid production contains components such as sulfuric acid mist droplets and sulfur dioxide. As a critical gas-liquid separation device, the horizontal demister plays an important role in the tail gas purification system. The effectiveness of this equipment directly affects the tail gas emission standards and the operational status of subsequent treatment equipment.
The tail gas generated during sulfuric acid production contains components such as sulfuric acid mist droplets and sulfur dioxide. As a critical gas-liquid separation device, the horizontal demister plays an important role in the tail gas purification system. The effectiveness of this equipment directly affects the tail gas emission standards and the operational status of subsequent treatment equipment.
In the sulfuric acid production process, horizontal mist eliminators are typically installed at the top of the absorption tower. Practical operational experience has shown that horizontal mist eliminators featuring corrugated plates made of PP material can effectively withstand the corrosive environment of sulfuric acid media. When the spacing between the corrugated plates is designed to be 30–35 mm, these devices demonstrate a notably effective capture rate for sulfuric acid mist droplets with particle sizes greater than 10 μm. During operation, the gas flow velocity must be controlled within the range of 3–5 m/s to prevent secondary entrainment of mist droplets. Operating data from an 800,000-ton-per-year sulfuric acid plant indicate that properly configured horizontal mist eliminators can reduce the sulfuric acid mist concentration in the tail gas to below 45 mg/m³.
In acid production systems utilizing smelting flue gases, horizontal mist eliminators must handle more complex gas compositions. A configuration featuring two-stage horizontal mist eliminators arranged in series is adopted: the first-stage eliminator primarily removes large-diameter mist droplets, while the second-stage eliminator is responsible for capturing fine mist droplets. To address the potential issue of dust particle accumulation, the mist eliminators are equipped with a timed flushing system. Practical applications have shown that this arrangement can stably reduce the mist droplet content in the tail gas to meet emission standards, while also alleviating the operational load on the subsequent electrostatic mist eliminator.
The operation and maintenance of horizontal mist eliminators directly affect their treatment efficiency. Regular inspections for fouling on the plates, timely repair of deformed plates, and ensuring that the flushing system functions properly are all essential measures to guarantee the long-term stable operation of the mist eliminator. The experience of a certain sulfuric acid plant shows that establishing a comprehensive monitoring system for the operating parameters of mist eliminators can promptly detect and address issues such as uneven airflow distribution, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.
As environmental protection requirements continue to tighten, the design of horizontal mist eliminators is also undergoing ongoing improvements. New designs featuring variable-spacing plates, optimized arrangements of flushing nozzles, and the use of more corrosion-resistant composite materials have all demonstrated practical value in real-world engineering applications. These technological advancements provide sulfuric acid producers with a wider range of options for meeting increasingly stringent emission standards.
Keywords:
Horizontal demister
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